Refrigerating apparatus.



C. WENNHOLD.

REFBIGERATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 1917.

Patented Dec. 11, 1912' 2 SHEETS-SHEET L wlgn ssszs WKJ ATTORNEY C.WENN'HOLD. REFRIGERATLNG APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 191:.

Paitented Dec. 11, 1917.

L T E E H 4 S T E E H s 2 INVENTO WITNESSES ATTORNEY CML WEEINHOED, 0FREDMKBEE, GREG-UN.

EEFBIGERhTII IG AEPPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. rear;

Application filed February 9, 1917. Serial E0. M75540.

pressure will be prevented from reaching a.

dangerous height, while yet keeping the machine working at fullcapacity. This leaves the engineer tree to perform other duties orattend to other machinery, and economizes labor to the extent that theexclusive attention of one operator is not required. Details are setforth .in the following specification and claims, and shown in theaccompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a diagram of this plantcomplate. a

Fig. 2 is a detail in section showing the check valve and the reducingvalve, the latter controlled by a thermostat and all con tained in aseparate casing.

Fig. 3 is a sectional detail of the pressurecontrolled water valve.

Fig. 1 is'a detail showing the latch for the belt shifter, and thelatch-tripping mechanism controlled by either of two valves.

The construction and operation oi plants of this character are so wellunderstood that I'have shown much of the same diagrammatically only inFig. l, and will describe it briefly as follows: The letter E designatesexpansion coils located within a suitable chamber, indicated onlyby thedotted lines,

and when the refrigerating liquid (which is usually anhydrousammonia) isadmitted to these coils and its pressure suddenly re-f dilced, theliquid immediately boils or on" pends into a gas and in so doing'ahsorhsheat from the coilsand the air surrounding them, and thereforeproduces refrigeration a Well understood. The gas from these coils iiled by my process next through a casing c ntaini'ng gas controllingvalves andle'h t red G in the diagram, thence to the norm piressor orpump P, and from the pump orig a pressure line to the condenser G withinwhose coils it is acted on by a cooling gent such as water which ilSimulated bythe same pump. This conscribed in detail below.

and the latteroperated by n" I 'loelt' shifter as Wlll be describeole-w.

denses the gas into liquid ammonia, and the latter fiows back againthrough the element G which itapproaches under high pressure; Thereinits pressure is suddenly reduced as above explained, and thus theoperation is continuous. The purpose of the present invention is toprovide means ior controlling the action of the PI'BSSHZ'Q'IQdHOIDgvalve by a thermostat wh ch is governed by the tomperature of the gaspipe as explained below,

to further control. the flow of liquid ammonia by a check valve actuatedby a loelt, shifter when the latter is moved, to cause the movement ofthis belt shifter by automatic means when it is tripped, to trip it byexcessive pressure or exccssivevacuuui. in the gas line leading to "andfrom the coinpressor respectively, and to provide means (in case theabove is not suflicient) {to increase the flow of water to the condenserwhen necessity requires. These various oh- I jects are carried out bythe mechanism de- Referring first to Fig. 2 for details of the elementlettered G in Fig. l, the gas line. 1' from the expansion chamber leadsthrough a casing 2 and itis continued in what-I call the suction line 3which leads thence to the I at 8 with the stem 9 of a check valve 10which is located in the pipe 11 through I which liquid ammonia flows.When now the r bar a expands considerably, due to abnormal heat in thepipe 1., the valvelO is opened;

but when it contracts as the temperature falls, said v lve is closedmore and more, and finally closed altogether. l/yi hin said casing 2 andentire pipe 11 is also located the I check valve ce whose stem. isconnected with a leverflfi pivoted at 17 as also seen in. Fig. *2, andwhen this lever is depremed the check valvejgcompletely cuts il the Howof the ammoniatoqthe expansi n coils. Thus the single casing may wellhe, used to inclose the redonning valve 10 and then'oheckvalve 20, theformer operated thermostaticallyovement of the The compressor P may heoi any suitahle. construction, I details tor-fining; an nuiia portantfeature of the present invention, save that I would have it made in-pumpform driven from a suitable source of power, not necessary 'toillustrate, by clutch mechanism or by fast and loose pulleys and Z asshown. In effect it is a pump creating suction on the line 3 and drawingthe refrigerating agent in gaseous form from the expansion coils,conveying it through a vacuum pipe 20, thence through a pressure pipe21, and thence along the pressure line pipe into the coils 23 of thecondenser C. After having been condensed in the latter, it collectswithin a receiver 24, from which it passes through the outlet 25 tothepipe 11 above referred to, and flows through the gas controller G backto the expansion chamber E.

The vacuum pipe 20 passes through a cas ing whereof one wall is adiaphragm 30, and the pressure pipe 21 also passes through a casingwhereof one wall is a'diaphragm 81. These diaphragms are respectivelyconnected by links 32 and 33 with a latch 34 which is normally engagedwith a catch 35 ,on a clutch actuator, or, as shown, a belt shifter 86whose fork 37 stands astridethe belt Which leads to the fast and loosepulleys f and Z; and this shifter is normally projected in one directionby automatic means such as a spring 38. The arrangement of parts is suchthan when the latch 'is tripped the belt is moved to the loose pulley,and the diaphragms are of such resisting power-to vacuum and pressure.respectively, that they draw on their links only when excessive orunusual conditions are reached. Finally a flexible member such as a cord3.) leads from the belt shifter through a fixed eye at some point withinthe casing of the compressor P, and upward to the lever 16 of the checkvalve 20 above described. Therefore when the belt is shifted" and thiscord is drawn upon, the check valye closes to absolutely stop the flowof liquid ammonia from. the compressor to the expansion chamber.

A suitable pump may force water through the wate. pipe 40 which in thediagram- Inatic illus 'ation is led through the coils 23' of thecondenser for converting the gas in said coils into liquid ammonia asstated above; and at a point preferably adjacent the compressor P Iemploy the water valve W as'seen in detail in Fig. 3. This consists ofaglobe valve 41 let into the water pipe 40 and having its stem 42connected with a lever 43 which is attached at one end to a fixed pivot44. The other end of the lever is connected by a link 45 with adiaphragm 46 forming one side of a chamber which is in communicationwith the gas pressure line 22 as seen. This diaphragm is so set thatwhen the'pressure rises in said chamber the diaphragm, through the link45' and lever 43,

moves the valve 41 to control-the fioyw of water. it is to be understoodthat many details are shown diagrammatirally only, and l purposely omitthosemwhioh relate to the pump structure or compressor, as thesedcpressure should begin to climb, the lirst result is that morewvaler isdelivered to the water pipe ll) berause the water valre \V within thepressure line 22 opens uutomatically as the pressure increases. 1i. theadditional water within the condenser is not sullicient and the pressureeontii'uies to climb, the diaphragm 31 within the pr'essure pipe 21 actsthrough its link 3-3 to lift the latch and trip the best shifter, whichlatter moves to throw the belt on the loose pulley Z and stop thecompressor. The engineer, even if he be away from his post, will beattracted by the stopping of the compressor, and will of course returnand restore the parts to their normal condition before shifting the beltback on the fast pulley f and causing the compressor to resume itsaction. At the same time that the belt shifter moves, draft on the cord39 closes the check valve 20 so that no more liquid ammonia is admittedto the expansion coils, but draft on this cord is released. when thebelt is restored to the fast pulley, and therefore this valve openedwhen the compressor is started up again. Shifting of the belt shifteralso occurs incase excessive vacuum should prevail at any time withinthe vacuum pipe 20, for then its diaphragm. 30 through. its link willtrip the latch 34 in the same manner. *rleanwhile and at all times thereducing valve 10 is automatically controlled by the thermal bar throughthe bell crank lever as clearly understood. I have found that with thisinvention applied to a small-sized plant, the constant attention of theengineer is not imperative and therefore he may use part of his time forotl'ier duties. I have shown the gasyalves (i as located within aseparate casing of their own, as l prefer, but this casing may bewithin. the expansion chamber or at any convenient point. When thethermostatic regulator is properly adjusted, it will miton'iatical-lycontrol the reducing vi .lve so that it will prevent the coils frombecoi'ning frosted up to a point too near the compressor, regardless ofthe temerature of the compartment or building within which the system islocated. When all the parts are adjusted properly the compressor isprevented from pumping liquid ammonia to the condenser C which of courseis labor lost. [is above suggested, the same pump may control the flowof water, or it could be a separate pump connected with the shaft towhich the fast pulley f is attached. I do not Wish to be limited to thedetails of construction, as. they are mani; festly unimportant. What isclaimed as new is: 1. In a refrigerating apparatus ofthe classdescribed, the combination with an expansion chamber, a condenser, acompres sor pump, a suction line leading from e expansion chamber tosaid pump, and a pressure line leading from the pump to saiccondenser;of fast and loose pulleys on the driving shaft of the compressor, a bellshifter therefor, means for normally moving 1 it, a latch opposing saidmeans, cas ngs interposed in the suction and pressure pipes,

check valve is closed when the shifter moved;

I 3. In a refrigerating apparatus of the 7 class disolosed,'thecombination with the ex pansion coils, the condenser coils, a line forvalve also in said "line; of a compressor,

fast and loose pulleys'on itsfoperatingshaft,"

,40 7 90mm of the belt shifter by," an increase "in a belt shiftertherefor, means oontrolllng the the liquid refrigerant connecting'saidcoils, ,a' reducing valve in said line, and .a.,che'ck:-

ressure, and a cord connectings aid belt shifter with the stem ofsaidche'ck valve,

wnerebv the latter is closed 'henf th.e'shif terf 4. In a refrigeratingapparatps of the" class disclosed, the combination withtheexa.

is moved. 1

pansion coils, the condenser coils, aline" for the l1qu1d refrigerantconnect ng and a check valve in said line; 0 a com resk ;sor, fast andloose pnlleys, a belt" shifter.

therefor, yielding means normally throwing said belt'shifter', a latchopposing'fthe action of said means, means controlledbythe' presv 1,element conne'ctmg sald' sh1fter',w1th-' the" sure for tripping saidlatch, and. a flexible stem of the checkwalve whereby the latter isclosed when the shifterv is tripped.

In testimony whereof I aflix'my signature. J

E CARL WENNHOLD; v

sedans, r

